Risk factors for preterm births at the Francisco de Orellana Hospital

Abstract

The objective of the study was to analyse the risk factors related to preterm births treated at the Francisco de Orellana Hospital during 2022. The methodology took a quantitative approach, and the following types of research were applied: exploratory, retrospective, descriptive, and correlational. The study population consisted of 121 cases of preterm birth. In addition, documentary analysis was used as a technique, and medical history was used as an instrument, allowing the collection of personal data information. The results showed that the majority of the study population had high school educational levels (56.2%) and were within the age group between 18 and 23 (30%), although a significant group of pregnant adolescents from 12 to 17 (14.9 %) was highlighted. The predominant ethnic group was Shuar/Waorani (71.9%), followed by mestizo patients (10.7%). It was also found that a significant percentage of women did not receive the appropriate number of prenatal check-ups and suffered from anemia and alterations in blood glucose levels. The above highlights the importance of addressing these health problems. Regarding risk factors for preterm births, comorbidities such as placenta previa, premature rupture of the membrane, high blood pressure, and diabetes have been identified, which require adequate monitoring and handling.