Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (TBB) (Mycobacterium spp.) and associated risk factors, in Carchi province.

Abstract

The present research was aimed to determine the prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis (TBB) (Mycobacterium spp.) and associated risk factors in the province of Carchi. For this process, it was considered 2002 bovines older than six months, belonging to 218 UPAs. The methodology consisted of three stages, the first one of socialization, the second one of diagnosis in which it was used some tuberculin tests such as the ano-caudal simple test; and the comparative cervical test as confirmatory. To determine the risk factors, it was collected data through an interview applied to each owner of the UPAs. To analyze the variables of study the prevalence in UPAs and animals were determined, in addition the Pearson’s chi-square test was applied to identified the risk factors. From the results obtained, 66.06% of the UPAs correspond to small producers the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the province of Carchi in UPAs is 10.55%,
while the prevalence in animals is 1.20%. The prevalence at cantonal level is: Huaca 18.52% at UPAs level; in reactor animals 2.24%, it is followed by the canton of Montufar with 15.91% in
UPAs and 1.64% in bovines, the canton of Tulcán 14.49% in UPAs and 1.28% in bovines, the canton of Mira 3, 70% in UPAs and in reactors 0.93%, the cantons Bolívar and Espejo 0% in both UPAs and reactor bovines. The risk factors that were associated with bovine tuberculosis in the province are: number of animals per UPA and lack of knowledge of the disease. Meanwhile, the presence of other animal species, and origin of replacement animals were not considered risk factors.